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Earth.com staff writer The Amazon rainforest is often described as the “lungs of the planet.” Stretching across nine nations, it provides shelter to millions of species and stores vast amounts of carbon. Yet, amid concerns about climate change and deforestation, new research has revealed a surprising discovery: the trees themselves are growing larger. A new study published in the journal Nature Plants reveals that the average size of trees across the Amazon has increased by 3.2 percent [...]

Bones are alive, constantly rebuilt by cells that add and remove tissue. When that system is disturbed, strength fades and fracture risk climbs. Microplastics and bone health A recent review pulls together 62 studies to explain how tiny plastic particles could influence bone and bone marrow. The effort includes researchers in Brazil, Canada, and France. One of the scientists leading the discussion is Rodrigo B. Oliveira, coordinator of the Laboratory for Mineral and Bone Studies in [...]

Imagine running a shop where you must hire both a guard and a salesperson. The guard keeps thieves away but may sometimes scare customers. The salesperson brings revenue but dislikes being interrupted. Balancing both roles can be tricky. Imagine running a shop where you must hire both a guard and a salesperson. The guard keeps thieves away but may sometimes scare customers. The salesperson brings revenue but dislikes being interrupted. Balancing both roles can be tricky. Plants face a [...]

Parents pass down more than genes. Their everyday choices shape how children see the world. A new study from São Paulo State University (UNESP) in Brazil shows how this works with physical activity. Children copy the habits of their parents, whether active or sedentary. The researchers tracked 182 children and teenagers, aged 6 to 17, along with their parents. They used accelerometers, devices that measure movement with precision. The results were clear: children with inactive [...]

A new study led by scientists at the University of São Paulo (USP) is the first to put hard numbers on how much of the recent shift is due to local forest loss versus global climate change. The researchers found that deforestation accounts for roughly 74.5% of the observed decline in dry-season rainfall and 16.5% of the warming in the biome. This work arrives just ahead of COP30 in Belém, the Amazonian capital hosting November’s U.N. climate summit – timing that [...]

A set of sauropod remains from the Cretaceous period showed evidence of a fatal disease. These findings suggest that even giants of the past were not safe from infection. Discovery in Brazil The bones were found in Ibirá, São Paulo. Researchers supported by FAPESP identified signs of osteomyelitis, an inflammatory bone disease caused by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or protozoa. Six individuals dating back about 80 million years displayed clear evidence of the [...]

Fertilizers are costly in much of the world, electricity is unreliable, and clean water is scarce. At the same time, most wastewater goes untreated, leading to severe health and environmental issues. The new model provides a workable solution, converting a steady stream of waste into something valuable: power and fertilizer, all while treating wastewater to make it safer. This system uses solar panels to recover nitrogen from urine – without needing a power grid, chemical plants, or [...]

Forests don’t plant themselves. In fact, the survival of many forests depends on a hidden network of animal workers that most people never think about. Birds, mammals, fish, and even a few amphibians are nature’s original gardeners, moving seeds from place to place and giving forests a chance to grow. But this quiet system is breaking down. Populations of seed-dispersing animals are shrinking. Without them, many trees won’t survive, forests will lose their diversity, [...]

A sprawling colony of brain coral (Mussismilia hispida) rings the main island of the Alcatrazes Archipelago Wildlife Refuge off the northern coast of São Paulo. A new study reveals that this coral colony stores more than 20 tons of carbon every year. Marine biologists from the Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) conducted five years of painstaking work that combined underwater surveys, seabed sonar, and hospital-grade CT scans of coral skeletons. These [...]