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In Brazil, a study compared two systems of organic product certification implemented in São Paulo state. One system involves conventional certification by auditors accredited by the Ministry of Agriculture and the National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMETRO). The other is peer-to-peer certification. The study, reported in an article published in the journal Organic Agriculture, suggests that peer-to-peer certification adds the virtue of [...]

Researchers have shown that a fluorescence detection system that doesn't contain any lenses can provide highly sensitive detection of deadly microorganisms in drinking water. With further development, the new approach could provide a low-cost and easy-to-use way to monitor water quality in resource-limited settings such as developing countries or areas affected by disasters. It could also be useful when water safety results are needed quickly, such as for swimming events, a concern [...]

One of the three main tree species in São Paulo city, Brazil—the largest mega-city in the southern hemisphere—is the Tipuana (Tipuana tipu), also known as rosewood or tipu, a tall tree with a large spreading canopy. It is tolerant of extreme drought and can be considered an option to promote urban climate resilience, according to a paper published in the journal Urban Climate. The study assessed the impact of the 2013–14 drought on trees in the city's streets and [...]

In Brazil, climate and other human-made environmental changes threaten decades-long efforts to fight a widespread and debilitating parasitic disease. Now, a partnership between researchers from Stanford and Brazil is helping to proactively predict these impacts. Schistosomiasis, spread by freshwater snails, affects more than 200 million people in many tropical regions of the world. It can cause stomach pain and irreversible consequences such as enlarged liver and cancer. Public health [...]

SAO PAULO (Reuters) -Brazil's President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva came into office in 2023 pledging to tackle deforestation in the Amazon and restore his country as a climate leader after years of intense destruction in the world's largest rainforest under predecessor Jair Bolsonaro. Lula's commitment to end deforestation by 2030 is on track with tighter enforcement helping to cut deforestation rates by more than half, according to government figures. But a new study indicates [...]

In an article published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers at the University of São Paulo's Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ-USP) in Brazil describe for the first time how strigolactones, plant hormones discovered several decades ago, control flowering and fruiting in the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). The findings of their study point to a new opportunity for management of fruiting time and could have a significant impact on [...]

A study reported in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) shows how the presence of a specific protein called IL-22BP affects the composition of the gut microbiota and the body's response to bacterial infection. "We discovered that mice that don't produce this protein are more protected against intestinal infections by bacteria like Clostridioides difficile and Citrobacter rodentium," said Marco Aurélio Ramirez Vinolo, a co-author of the article. He [...]

A combination of two drugs was capable of suppressing tumors in a non-conventional manner. Instead of inhibiting tumor cell division, as the most widely used medications do, the strategy consisted of hyperactivating oncogenic signaling by these cells to the point where they became stressed. The other drug then attacked the stressed cells. The approach will be tested in colorectal cancer patients in the Netherlands later this year. The study is published in Cancer Discovery. The first author [...]

Sharks off the coast of Brazil have tested positive for cocaine, researchers say.Unsplash "Cocaine Shark" may be a B movie, but researchers say more than a dozen sharks off the coast of Brazil have in fact tested positive for the presence of cocaine in their livers and muscles. The study, carried out by several Brazilian research groups and the Bahamas-based Cape Eleuthera Institute, was published in the journal Science of the Total Environment. According to the study, 13 [...]